mainly bear combined radial and axial loads, which are mainly radial. The load-bearing capacity of the bearing depends on the raceway angle of the outer ring. The larger the angle, the greater the load-bearing capacity. This type of bearing is a separable bearing and is divided into single-row, double-row and four-row tapered roller bearings according to the number of rows of rolling elements in the bearing. The clearance of single-row tapered roller bearings needs to be adjusted by the user during installation; the clearance of double-row and four-row tapered roller bearings has been set according to user requirements when the product leaves the factory and does not require user adjustment.
Tapered roller bearings have conical inner and outer raceways, with tapered rollers arranged between them. The projection lines of all conical surfaces converge at the same point on the bearing axis. This design makes tapered roller bearings particularly suitable for carrying combined (radial and axial) loads. The axial load capacity of the bearing is mostly determined by the contact angle α ; the larger the α angle, the higher the axial load capacity. The size of the angle is expressed by the calculation coefficient e ; the larger the value of e , the larger the contact angle, and the greater the suitability of the bearing for bearing axial loads. Tapered roller bearings are usually of the separable type, that is, the tapered inner ring assembly consisting of an inner ring with a roller and cage assembly can be installed separately from the tapered outer ring (outer ring). Tapered roller bearings are widely used in automobiles, rolling mills, mining, metallurgy, plastic machinery and other industries. The main reason for the occurrence of scars on tapered roller bearings during installation is: the inner ring and outer ring of the bearing are skewed during installation and assembly; or the impact load during installation and assembly may cause scars on the bearing. . When installing tapered roller bearings, work standards must be followed. Otherwise, many problems will occur. If the installation mode or method is improper, linear scars will appear on the raceway surface and girdle surface of the bearing. The installation of deep groove ball bearings directly reflects the precision, service life and performance of the bearings in use. Although the quality of tapered roller bearings and other aspects are relatively good, rolling bearings are precision components and their use must be carried out with corresponding caution. No matter how high-performance bearings are used, if used improperly, the expected high performance will not be achieved. Precautions for the use of bearings include the following: (1) Keep the tapered roller bearing and its surroundings clean. Even small dust invisible to the eye can have a bad impact on bearings. Therefore, it is necessary to keep the surrounding area clean so that dust does not invade the bearing.(2) use with caution. If the tapered roller bearing is subjected to strong impact during use, scars and indentations will occur, which may cause accidents. In severe cases, cracks and breaks may occur, so care must be taken. (3) Use appropriate operating tools. Avoid replacing existing tools and use appropriate tools. (4) Pay attention to the corrosion of tapered roller bearings. When operating bearings, sweat on your hands can cause rust. Be sure to use clean hands and wear gloves if possible. It is a very common method for tapered roller bearings to use hearing to identify irregular operation. For example, using an electronic stethoscope to detect abnormal noise in a certain part is used by experienced operators. If the bearing is in good operating condition, it will make a low whine sound. If it makes a sharp hissing sound, squeaking sound and other irregular sounds, it usually indicates that the bearing is in poor operating condition. 1. Corrosion of tile surface: Spectral analysis found abnormal concentration of non-ferrous metal elements; many sub-micron wear particles with non-ferrous metal components appeared in the iron spectrum; the moisture content and acid value of the lubricating oil exceeded the standard. 2. Strain on the journal surface: There are iron-based cutting abrasive particles or black oxide particles in the iron spectrum, and there is tempering color on the metal surface. 3. Journal surface corrosion: Spectral analysis found that the concentration of iron element was abnormal. There were many submicron particles of iron in the iron spectrum. The moisture content or acid value of the lubricating oil exceeded the standard. 4. Surface strain: cutting abrasive particles were found in the iron spectrum, and the abrasive particles were composed of non-ferrous metals. 5. Fretting wear of the tile back: Spectral analysis found that the iron concentration was abnormal. There were many submicron wear particles of iron components in the iron spectrum, and the moisture and acid value of the lubricating oil were abnormal.
Under liquid lubrication conditions, the sliding surfaces are separated by lubricating oil without direct contact, which can also greatly reduce friction loss and surface wear. The oil film also has a certain vibration-absorbing ability. A high-pitched squeaking noise may be caused by improper lubrication. Improper bearing clearance can also cause metal noise. The dents on the outer ring track of the tapered roller bearing will cause vibration and cause a smooth and crisp sound. If there are knock scars caused during installation, noise will also be produced. This noise will vary with the speed of the bearing. If there is intermittent noise, it means that the rolling parts may be damaged. In tapered roller bearings, this sound occurs when the damaged surface is rolled over. If there are contaminants in the bearing, it will often cause hissing. Severe bearing damage will cause Produces irregular and loud noises. Although bearing damage can be detected by hearing, usually the bearing must be replaced immediately at this time. Therefore, a better method is to use electronic condition monitoring instruments such as tapered roller bearings to pre-interrupt the operation of the bearings.
